纸质文物的无损和微损观察分析方法

纸质文物很容易损坏,能存留至今的不多,越是早期的越稀少,因此纸质文物非常宝贵,做好纸质文物的保护和研究具有十分重要的意义。一些常规的纸张特性分析方法往往损伤和破坏文物本身,因此需要了解无损和微损分析纸质文物的方法。这里介绍了纸的物理性能分析、纤维形态观测、纸的生产工艺推断、扫描电镜观察及其他分析方法。纸质文物的无损和微损分析方法可供文物工作者在基本不损伤和破坏纸质文物的情况下,分析该文物的特点,获取其原料组成、制造时期、生产工艺、舂捣打浆处理程度、纤维配比等信息。

Noninvasive and microinvasive analysis of paper cultural relics

Paper cultural relics are fragile and therefore very few are preserved today. The older the paper, the rare they are. Paper relics are very precious and the preservation and research on paper relics is of great significance. Routine analysis of the properties of paper usually damages them. Noninvasive and microinvasive methods need to be more fully explored. This article introduces the physical properties of paper, fiber morphology and the papermaking process. Scanning electron microscopy and other analytical methods are described. Noninvasive and minimally invasive analysis methods on paper cultural relics can yield information about composition, the period when they were made, the process of manufacture, the degree of pounding of the pulp and the fiber ratios.