汶川地震可移动文物震害研究

为探索汶川地震作用下以浮放为主的可移动文物的震害及防震措施,通过震后勘查,讨论了汶川地震造成的可移动文物的典型震害症状。从博物馆、陈列台、文物本身等三个方面,分析了可移动文物的主要震害原因和传统的防震措施的不足之处,对国内外可移动文物的先进防震技术进行了探讨,研究了其防震机理。基于国内外可移动文物防震经验,对我国可移动文物提出了防震建议。研究结果表明:汶川地震造成可移动文物震害除了地震本身因素外,文物防震措施不足是一个重要原因;为保证可移动文物的防震性能,首先应规范博物馆建筑抗震设计,其次考虑陈列台隔震技术应用,最后再考虑可移动文物与陈列台之间的可靠连接;采取先进的隔震技术对可移动文物的防震具有促进作用。

Analysis of damage to free ~ standing cultural relics caused by the Wenchuan earthquake

In order to protect Chinese cultural relics, the symptoms of damage to free ~ standing cultural relics by the Wenchuan earthquake,as well as methods to prevent damage , were studied. Typical earthquake damage symp- toms seen in free ~ standing cultural relics are discussed. Museums,base supports and cultural relics were all stud- ied to identify the cause of damage of free ~ standing cultural relics. Shortcomings of typical methods used in China are discussed,and new technologies and their mechanism for protecting free ~ standing cultural relics in foreign countries are introduced. Based on world ~ wide experiences with earthquake protection measures for free ~ standing cultural relics ,helpful suggetions are provided. Survey results show that damage to free ~ standing cultural relics by the Wenchuan earthquake was caused not only by the strong earthquake, but also the lack of seismic preparation measures. In order to improve its seismic damages,the museum.fist of all.has to get seismic retrofitting. Then the base supports have to be designed so as to achieve vibration isolation. Finally the relics have to be connected firmly to the base supports. In addition , development of , new technologies for protection of free ~ standing cultural relics is encouraged . Key words : Free ~ standing cultural relics;Earthqnake damage analysis ; Aseismic technology ;Isolation ratio ; Wen- chuan earthquake