五代耀州窑天青瓷的研究

为揭示五代天青瓷釉的呈色机理以及胎体的透光机理,本研究以五代耀州窑天青瓷为主要对象,分别采用EDXRF、XRD、XPS和SEM/EDS等测试方法,分析了化学组成、物相、着色元素的化学状态及微观结构对瓷釉的呈色及瓷胎透光性的影响。结果表明,天青瓷釉为复合呈色方式,釉中Fe_2O_3产生的化学着色作用和釉层中物理结构(残余晶体和分相液滴)对入射光的散射作用产生的结构色,或加深或淡化了呈色,且对釉面的色饱和度和乳浊度也有一定的影响。天青瓷胎的透光性主要与着色氧化物对入射光的吸收以及晶界、气泡对入射光的散射有关。低含量的Fe_2O_3和铁钛固溶体,大大减少了其对入射光的吸收。同时,较少的晶界也减弱了对入射光的散射。因此,天青瓷的透光性良好。

Research on the sky-green porcelains from the Five-Dynasty Yaozhou Kiln

In this work, the Five-Dynasty sky-green porcelains of the Yaozhou Kiln were studied. In order to investigate the coloring and translucency mechanism in the sky-green porcelains, we analyzed the chemical composition, phase, chemical state of the coloring elements and microstructure, using energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS). The results indicate that the main colorant is ferric oxide (Fe₂O₃), and that the scattering effect of the physical structures (residual crystals and phase separation droplets) can deepen or weaken the chemical color in the glaze. Furthermore, this scattering effect also affects the color saturation and opacity of glaze surfaces to some extent. Analysis of the white body indicates that the translucency is related to the absorption effect of coloring oxides and the scattering effect of crystal boundaries and residual micropores. Low contents of ferric oxide (Fe₂O₃) and ferrotitanium solid solution greatly decreased the absorption of incident light. In addition, small amounts of crystal boundaries and residual bubbles also weaken the scattering of incident light. As a result, the sky-green porcelains exhibit good translucence.