潮湿彩绘陶加固材料对比研究及应用

针对考古出土的彩绘陶存在脆弱易毁、难以保存的问题,选择明胶和水性氟碳作为潮湿彩绘陶片的加固材料,采用不同浓度的加固材料对4种颜色彩绘陶片进行加固,并对加固前后的强度、色差以及光泽度进行检测和对比,结果表明较为理想的浓度选择为明胶在1%左右,水性氟碳浓度在20%左右。同时,对有底层和无底层两种类型的彩绘陶片进行加固对比实验,发现经明胶加固及老化后,有底层试样的色差和光泽度变化比无底层试样小;经水性氟碳加固后,有底层试样的色差和光泽度变化比无底层试样小,但老化后,则相反。在实践应用时,选用这两种材料对盱眙出土的一组潮湿彩绘陶进行了抢救性加固保护,都取得理想的效果。

Comparison and application of reinforcement materials used for wet painted pottery

Unearthed painted pottery is fragile and thus difficult to preserve. In our study, gelatin and waterborne fluorocarbon were selected as reinforcement materials for wet painted pottery. Painted pottery shards having four kinds of color were reinforced using different concentrations of these materials. The strength, color and glossiness of the changes were tested and compared. The results show that the ideal concentration of gelatin is around 1%, and that of the waterborne fluorocarbon is around 20%. Experiments comparing reinforcements were implemented on two types of painted pottery (with and without a bottom layer) as well. It is found that 1) for gelatin, the appearance changes of the painted pottery with a bottom layer are relatively smaller than those without a bottom layer after reinforcement and aging; 2) for waterborne fluorocarbon, the appearance changes are similar after reinforcement only, but the results are reversed after aging. In a practical application, we used gelatin and waterborne fluorocarbon to reinforce three pieces of wet painted pottery unearthed from Xuyi County and achieved effective results.