杭州文庙彩绘现场保护研究

杭州文庙彩绘被清漆层覆盖，1988年涂覆的清漆已有发黄、鼓泡等老化现象。本文通过老化试验说明清漆已经进入了全面老化期，并且描述清漆老化对彩绘安全的危害。对彩绘颜料和清漆进行了取样分析，经过EDS检测，证明颜料主要成分是无机矿物。经过红外分析，证明清漆主要成分是多羟基丙烯酸聚合物。在文物保护现场，通过研究清漆老化程度和光照度之间的关系，证明光照是清漆老化的重要原因。在实验室研究出去除清漆而不伤及彩绘的溶胀剂，在现场通过测试色差和光泽度数值的变化，证明溶胀剂去除清漆的有效性。彩绘封护剂采用有机氟橡胶，通过接触角和耐湿热试验，证明有机氟橡胶具有较好的憎水性和耐湿热老化能力。同时在现场，通过彩绘保护前后的色差和光泽度变化，说明经过机氟橡胶保护处理过的彩绘，外观没有明显的变化。

The Conservation of Coloured Drawing of Hangzhou Confucian Temple in the Locale of Construction

The coloured drawing of Hangzhou Confucian temple was covered with varnish, the varnish which was spreaded in 1988 has become yellow and plump. In this article, the result of aging test showed the varnish had enter complete aging period, and describe the harm to the coloured drawing due to aging of varnish. Analysis of coloured drawing＇s pigment was tested by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （ EDS ） , the result showed the basis of pigment was mineral. Analysis of varnish was tested by infrared spectrum , the result showed the basis of the varnish was hydroxy erylie acid polymer. In the locale of construction, after investigation to connection of the varnish aging degree and photometric brightness, it was proved that illumination is the master cause of the varnish aging. The swelling agents which could remove varnish and do harmless to coloured drawing was prepared in lab, chromatism and luster were tested in the locale of construction, the validity of removing varnish was proved. Organic fluorine rubber was adopted to protect the coloured drawing, after contact angle and damp heat were tested, it was proved that Organic fluorine rubber has good hydrophobie capability and resisting humid heat capability. The coloured drawing＇s chromatism and luster of before treatment and after-treatment were tested, and it was proved that the appearance of the coloured drawing which was treated by organic fluorine rubber has no obvious change.