吴越细绳纹类青铜礼器成形技术研究

吴越青铜器发展到春秋中晚期，出现了一批极富地域文化特色的青铜器，器表饰有细绳纹和细薄而峻深的纹饰，或在纹饰间布满细芒刺突起的棘刺纹。本工作通过对吴越青铜器陶范铸造技术的探索和吴越细绳纹类青铜礼器的复原试验，以期揭示出这类细绳纹类青铜礼器的成形技术。实验过程是以绳索为模，在湿陶范内埋入绳索，当陶范入窑焙烧时，绳索焚烧后形成绳索状凹槽，浇注青铜液后则成为具有突起状绳纹装饰的青铜器。焚烧绳索形成纹饰，是一种在平面上形成三维纹饰的技艺，能在青铜器表面形成规整的绳纹，可能为东周时期吴越地区古代工匠铸造细绳纹类青铜礼器的一种方法。

Study on the making technique of the ritual bronzes with cord pattern in Wu and Yue states in Eastern Zhou period

There appeared some bronzes with the special cultural feature in the Wu and Yue states from the middle Spring and Autumn periods.There are some cord and/or thorn patterns between the thin and high wall patterns on these bronzes.It needs high techniques to make this kind of bronzes.In this paper, how the ancients of the Wu and Yue states made the clay mold and then study on the making technique of the ritual bronzes with cord pattern through experiments were discuss. At the first, two outer mold pieces and an inner core were made and dried with low speed.Some grooves and cord pattern were carved on two outer mold pieces.Some pieces of cord are used to a model and put into the grooves with fine slurry.The cords burn out while firing the clay molds and then cord pattern appears on the clay mold.The mold pieces were reassembled.The liquid bronze was poured in and then a bronze with cord pattern was cast.The cord pattern on the bronze is much more clear and regular than that patterns cut done by hand.Some clear twisted fiber marks appear on some cord patterns.This kind of technique is a better one to make cord pattern and maybe the ancients in the Wu and Yue states use it.