建国初期国家农贷的历史考察——以中南区为中心

国家银行业务在农村的延伸是新中国乡村借贷关系转型和现代化的标志之一。建国初期,为了活跃农村金融,促进农村经济的恢复与发展,国家大力举办了农贷。这一时期,国家农贷在规模上是逐年增加的,在发放对象上倾向照顾农村合作经济组织和广大贫困农民,在贷款利率上有逐年下降的趋势,在贷款用途上绝大部分是为了解决农民的生产困难。总体上看,国家农贷作为建国初期人民政府扶持和发展农村经济的重要措施之一,对当时农民的生产经营和农村经济的发展发挥了重要作用,但也存在一定的缺陷和不足。

A Historical Investigation of State Agricultural Credit in the Early Days of New China:With the Central-South Administrative Area as the Focal Point

The extension of state banking to rural areas is one of the marks of transformation and modernization of rural debtor-creditor relationship. In the early days of New China, in order to enliven rural finance and promote the restoration and development of rural economy the state extended a lot of agricultural credit. In this period, the state agricultural credit increased year by year and the recipients were mainly rural cooperative economic organizations and the broad masses of poor peasants for the purpose of, in most cases, solving the difficulties confronted in production by the peasants with the interest rate of the credit on the decline every year. Generally speaking, as one of the important measures for supporting and developing the rural economy by the people's government in the early days of New China the state played an important role in the production and operating activities of the peasants and the development of rural economy at that time, but there were also some drawbacks and shortcomings.