唐代监修国史制度考

唐代监修国史初设于贞观三年 ( 62 9) ,之后遂形成定制 ,直至唐亡。唐代监修国史的职责大体包括以下内容 :奉诏引进史馆修撰人员负责史书编修工作 ;裁断疑难 ,审正史稿。唐代监修国史制度在漫长的岁月中曾经历过一些变化。太宗贞观时期实行的是一相监修制 ,终太宗之世 ,担任监修国史的只有房玄龄一人。高宗、武则天、中宗、睿宗及玄宗开元前期 ,实行的基本上是多相监修制。自玄宗开元后期起以迄唐亡 ,实行的又是一相监修制。唐代监修国史者绝大多数都是宰相 ,但偶尔也有其他人员充任。玄宗以前 ,监修国史之称号恰如其名 ,玄宗至德宗时 ,改称“修国史” ,德宗之后又恢复旧称。

The System of Supervisor of the Offcial History Writing in Tang Dynasty

The system of supervisor of the official history writing was an important system of history writing established by the government of Tang Dynasty. It was set up in the third year of Zhengguan (629A.D.) and had become a system since then and lasted until the end of Tang Dynasty. the main responsibilities of supervisor of the official history writing includes: to set up the working group to write the official history according to the edict of emperors; direct the whole work of history writing; to offer solutions to the problems which appeared in the course of history writing; to check and examine the historical books which they wrote and compiled. The system of supervisor of official history writing in Tang Dynasty had also undergone some changes in its long history. One |prime |minister system was practiced in the time of Taizong, with only Fang Xuanling responsible for supervising the writing of official history. at the time of Gaozong, Wu Zetian, Zhongzong, Ruizong and the early time of Xuanzong, it practiced the multi |prime |minister system to supervise the writing of official history, which means that usually there were several prime ministers responsible for supervising the writing of official history at the same time. In Tang Dynasty, most of supervisors of the official history writing were prime ministers, but sometimes other officials also could be. The name of the position of supervisor of the official history writing had also changed over time. It was called Jian Xiu Guo Shi before Xuanzong; From Xuanzong to Dezong, it was named Xiu Guo Shi recovered its name after Dezong, In addition, this article also lists the names of the supervisors of the official history writing in Tang Dynasty and it is perhaps the most complete one until now. ;