美国主流社会对东、南欧女性移民的负面认知与社会改革（1880-1920）

19世纪末20世纪初,美国迎来了史无前例的东、南欧女性移民潮。然而,东、南欧女性移民在外形、语言、宗教、生活方式等各个方面都表现出了相异于西、北欧老移民的特征,因而遭到美国主流社会的敌视与排斥。女性移民进入就业领域更是严重违背了美国主流社会的女性观念。为了解决女性移民所面临的困境并助其融入美国社会,美国中产阶级发起了以女性移民回归家庭为核心的改革,旨在让女性移民接受美国主流社会家庭理念和生活方式。然而,改革者并未深入了解女性移民的社会文化和现实需求,使得相关改革具有明显的局限性,并没有发挥其所期望的效果。

The Negative Cognition and Social Reform of the American Mainstream on the Eastern and Southern European Immigrant Women (1880-1920)

The United States experenced an unprecedented tide of eastern and southern European immigrant women in the late 19th century early 20th century.However,these immigrant women had different appearance,language,religion,lifestyle and so on from thoese from western and the northern Europe,and thus suffered the hostility and rejection from American main-stream.They entering the job fields was seriously challenged the feminist idea of America.In order to solve the problems that the migrant women faced and helped them adapt American society,the American middle class carried out the social reforms which hoped the immigrant women returning to the family and accepting the American mainstream family views and way of life. However,reformers did not have a thorough understanding of immigrant women in social culture and real demands,these re-forms had obvious limitations and its effect was not satisfactory.