论河北省根治海河运动的特点及经验教训

1963年海河流域发生了特大洪水灾害,引起了党和国家的高度重视,刘少奇提出了“上蓄、中疏、下排”的治水方针,为根治海河指出了正确的方向。在毛泽东“一定要根治海河”的号召下,河北省于1965年开始开展了规模宏大的根治海河运动,这是新中国水利建设史上一个重大事件。根治海河运动历经15年,取得了巨大的成就,其经验可归结为:相对稳定的、综合性的组织机构;民工的军事化管理;合理的出工政策;依靠群众,自力更生,勤俭治水;精心设计,科学施工。作为一场大规模的群众性治水运动,其经验教训弥足珍贵,影响深远。

On the Experience and Lessons in the Movement to Bring the Haihe River Under Permanent Control in Hebei Province

The worst flood in the Haihe River basin in 1963 caused great concern from the Party and the state. Liu Shaoqi put forward the principle for taming the river: "storage of water in the upper reaches, dredging water in the middle reaches and draining off water in the lower reaches," pointing out the correct direction for bringing the Haihe River under permanent control. Answering the call from Mao Zedong that "We must bring the Haihe River under permanent control," Hebei Province launched in 1965 the large-scale movement to bring the Haihe River under permanent control. This is a great event in the history of construction of water control projects in New China. This movement lasted for fifteen years and scored huge achievements. The experience may be summed up as follows: relatively stable and comprehensive organizations; laborers working on the water project were managed in a military way; reasonable working policy; relying on the masses, self-reliance and controlling the water through hard work and frugality; meticulous designing and scientific implementation. As a large-scale mass movement of water control, its experience and lessons are of great value and far reaching significance.