山东青州博物馆馆藏西汉时期铁戟表面特征分析

2006年,山东省青州市香山西汉墓墓道西侧的陪葬坑内出土了大量彩绘陶俑、陶器、铁器和铜器。其中,铁戟呈卜字形,严重锈结、矿化。该批卜字形铁戟的形体较小,应属冥器;铜柲帽截面为不规则的五边形,形制有别于汉代考古文献中记载的圆形或椭圆形铁戟柲帽。部分器物上残留有朽木漆鞘痕,或有缠绕物麻绳遗痕,或有织物遗痕。以往在出土青铜器上有时会发现一些织物的印痕,而在铜铁复合器上,此现象则较为罕见。本文采用三维视频显徽镜和激光拉曼光谱对铁戟表面残留遗痕进行了观察和分析,判明了残存遗物的叠压关系及织物结构。铁戟表面从里至外依次为:包覆铁戟的丝织物、髹漆木鞘、木鞘外裹缠麻。

Analysis on the surface of iron halberds of Western Han Dynasty in Qingzhou Museum, Shandong Province

In 2006,tremenduus ancient arlifacts including painted lerra eolla, polleries, iron and bronze were exvavatedd from one of the accompaning burial pits in Xiangshan Tomb uf Ihe Weslern Han Dynasty, located at Qingzhou Cily, Shandong Province. Amnng these artifaels, the ＂ 卜 ＂ shaped iron halberds were badly rusled. All the iron halberds are smaller than normal size, so lhey are supposed to be funerury ubjievus. The five-prismatic form of the vopper caps fixed on the iron halberds is rarely seen during Han Dynasly, comparing with the commonly recorded circle or oval shape. Some hisltrical remains or traces, such as painted wood scahhard, fiher rope and textile, were found on parts of iron halberds. In Ibis paper. 3D video microsvope and laser Raman spectroseopy are used to observe and analyze the surface infia＇mation. The structure and overlapping order of die textiles are identified. The layers of remains from inside Io outside on the surface of iron halberds inelmle lexlile, painted wood scabbard and inter-twisted fiber rope.