从顾家坡墓地的发掘看史前时代文化交叉地带的部落冲突

顾家坡墓地是湖北省第一次完整揭露的一处史前时代的墓地 ,共发现墓葬 2 37座 ,时代为大溪文化晚期到屈家岭文化时期 (距今约 5 30 0年～ 4 6 0 0年 )。通过研究作者注意到 :一定数量的多人二次合葬墓 ;6 0 %左右的男性随葬有石钺 ,有的还同时随葬有骨镞 ,却没有见到石质生产工具用于随葬的情形 ;有的人可能是弓箭的受害者 ;可能存在猎头的现象。综合以上现象 ,以及与周围地区大致同时代的墓地的对比 ,作者认为 ,部落冲突的现象在史前时代是确实存在的 ,而文化交叉地带的部落冲突又远远激烈于文化中心地带。

On Prehistoric Intertribal Conflicts in Multi - culture Areas in Light of the Excavation of the Gujiapo Cemetery

As the only completely excavated cemetery of the prehistoric times in Hubei province,Gujiapo has yielded 237 tombs of the period from late Daxi culture to early Qujialing culture (5300-4600aBP).This paper, based on the excavated materials from the cemetery, argues that many tombs burying with stone weapons like axes and arrow heads might have been related with wars.It further points out that tribe conflicts in cultural interaction areas are far more common than those of the non-frontier regions.