明清时期河南省部分经济作物的种植与分布

明清时期河南省油料作物主要有花生和芝麻两种，花生明中期传入中国，清代在河南广泛种植。芝麻汉代从西域传入，明清时期在河南广为分布。这两者今日在河南省的经济作物种植中仍占重要地位。染料作物中蓝草和红花均为传统作物，种植历史悠久，分布广泛。从明至清，种植之风方兴未艾。两者在清末均由于受到外来染料的冲击而中落，此后再也未能恢复到原来的水平。嗜食作物中的罂粟，清咸丰年间开始在河南省广泛栽种，后因国人的抗议，在民国年间禁种。烟草和茶叶的种植不惟明清时期就有一定的规模，且一直持续发展，为今日河南省以许昌为中心的烤烟基地和以信阳为中心的茶叶基地的建设和发展创造了条件、奠定了基础。

The Growth and Distribution of Oil Plant, Dye Plant and Addictive Food Plant in Henan Province in Ming and Qing Dynasties

Peanut and sesame seeds were the main oil plants in Henan Province in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The former was taken into China in the middle period of the Ming Dynasty, and was planted extensively in Qing Dynasty, while the latter was introduced from the western regions in Han Dynasty, and was widely distributed both in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Moreover, they are the important economic plants of Henan nowadays. Among dye plants the indigo plant and the safflower are traditional ones which were grown for the first time in wide areas in Ming Dynasty and are still popular in Qing Dynasty. However, both lost popularity at the end of Qing Dynasty due to the impact brought about by the dye plants outside. Henceforth, they were never planted as widespread as before. The growth of opium poppy began in the late period of the Qing Dynasty, and then was forbidden in the Republic of China because of the people's protest. Tea leaves and cured tobacco are not only spread on a large scale in Ming and Qing Dynasties, but developed constantly, which creates the conditions and lays the foundation for the set up and development of Xuchang-centre base of cured tobacco and Xinyang-centre base of tea.