19世纪末至20世纪20年代美国外交思想探析

从19世纪末叶以来，美国外交思想经历了从孤立主义向所谓的“国际主义”的转变，这种转变到了第一次世界大战爆发后基本完成，其核心内容是美国借助着强大的经济、军事和化力量，大踏步地迈向国际政治竞技场，实现这一时期绝大多数美国领导人梦寐以求的世界领袖地位。然而，这种转变在国内外遇到了强大的阻力，最终把美国的世界领袖梦想化为烟云。不过，美国的政治、经济和战略等利益已经使美国无可解脱地与世界联系在一起。就美国外交而言，这是一个不可逆转的趋势，美国人厌恶卷入大洋之外政治事务的传统心态由此正发生着变化，这也预示着美国力图充任世界领袖的时代正在缓慢地到来。

An Analysis on the American Diplomatic Thought from the Late 19th Century to the 1920s

Since the late 19th century,there was a great transformation from isolationism to the so-called internationalism in the American diplomatic thought.This transformation was basically finished after the beginning of the First World War.The core meant that the United States would stride forward on the road of the international arena under a firm backing of the strong economic,political and cultural forces,and achieve the world leadership that most of American leaders and politicians had dreamed during this period.However,the strong negative resistance from abroad and home stopped this transformation and finally evaporated the dream of the American leadership.In fact,the American political,economic and strategic interests had made the United States an inextricable link with the international community.In so far as the American diplomacy was concerned,this was an irreversible tendency.The traditional psychology that Americans had hated to be involved in the political affairs outside the oceans was changing,which would indicate that the era in which the United States became the world leader was slowly coming.