咸若馆供藏擦擦佛整理研究——兼及与《诸佛菩萨圣像赞》之比较

咸若馆位于故宫外西路慈宁宫花园内,为该园中主体建筑。乾隆三十七年(1772)在东、西稍间的内壁上增设24个挂龛,用于供奉十二套擦擦三百六十佛,共计4320尊。经整理,咸若馆现存擦擦佛4233尊,其中4217尊属于三百六十佛系列,是利用三世章嘉胡图克图·若必多吉编订、乾隆二十二年十一月初十日(1757年12月20日)最终定型的三百六十佛铜阴佛模制作而成,其余16尊背后无字的擦擦无量寿佛则是清后期的作品。4217尊擦擦佛中目前仅有一套完整的擦擦三百六十佛,其余各套均不全。将这套完整的擦擦三百六十佛与《诸佛菩萨圣像赞》进行比较,两者有354尊佛像完全相同,仅6处存在差别,一致性高达983%。依据中正殿火场残存的《四体文佛名折》等一系列档案,考证其出现差别的原因是《诸佛菩萨圣像赞》和咸若馆供藏擦擦三百六十佛分别是三世章嘉编订三百六十佛过程中的前后两个阶段的作品,前者属于稿本,后者为定本。

A Comparative Study between the Tsa-tsas enshrined in Xianruo Guan,Cining Garden,The Forbidden City and Eulogies to the Sacred Images of the Buddhas and Boddhisattvas(Zhufo-pusa shengxiang zan)

Xianruo Guan is a building located in the garden of Cining Palace along the western 'axial road' within the Forbidden City.In 1772,the 37th year of the reign of Qianlong,twenty-four vertical alcoves were constructed towards the center of the eastern and western inner walls,and these served to house twelve sets of 360 tsa-tsa Buddha images,totalling 4320 small statues.After sorting and cataloguing,4233 of the statuettes survive,of which 4217 belong to the twelve sets.On 20 December 1757 the original set of 3...