芝加哥华人：19世纪70年代至20世纪30年代的跨国移民与商业活动

论文通过中英文原始资料,追述了芝加哥唐人街历史,论证了19世纪70年代至20世纪30年代的芝加哥华人社区在跨国移民与商业网络中的重要作用。认为芝加哥所拥有的水陆空交通枢纽的优越地理位置让城中的华人杂货业得以扩大生意范围;芝加哥的国际化氛围还培养了中餐精致饮食文化的先驱;城内的华人洗衣业也成为美国中西部城镇洗衣业的典范。这些特征都表明了芝加哥城内的华埠社区是美国中西部地区跨国移民与商贸中心的一个重要枢纽。华人企业家们不仅仅为他们个人商业的成功做出了贡献,同时也为美国中西部地区华人社区及家乡父老的集体生存、发展与成功做出了重要的贡献。

Chicago Chinese:Transnational Migration and Entrepreneurship During the 1870 s and 1930 s

In this paper,the author has meticulously gleaned important primary sources in both Chinese and English,in particular the Immigration and Naturalization Services（ INS）Chicago Chinese Case Files（ CCCF）, various Chinese gazetteers, qiaokan（ overseas Chinese magazines）,genealogies,and statistics by the US and Chinese governments.Through tracing the history of the Chinese in Chicago,this study reveals the significance and characteristics of the Chinese Chicagoan entrepreneurs in transnational migration and the ethnic Chinese businesses in the United States during the period from the 1870 s to1930 s. It argues that Chicago＇s unique position as the hub of water,land,rail,and air transportations enabled the Chinese entrepreneurs to expand their business activities,its metropolitan atmosphere nourished ambitious and visionary pioneers of Chinese fine dining in the country, and the well-developed Chinese hand laundry businesses in Chicago provided models for other Chinese laundries in the Midwestern region. It concludes that the Chicago Chinese community was an important socioeconomic center for the Mid- America and served as a crucial link in the Chinese transnational migration and ethnic Chinese economy,and that the Chinese Chicagoan entrepreneurs not only contributed to the success of their businesses,but also to the survival and development of the communities in both ends of the transnational migration.