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1861—1953年长江口南支冲淤状况重建及相关问题研究
引用本文:潘威. 1861—1953年长江口南支冲淤状况重建及相关问题研究[J]. 中国历史地理论丛, 2009, 24(1)
作者姓名:潘威
作者单位:复旦大学历史地理研究中心,上海,200433
基金项目:教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目,面向21世纪教育振兴行动计划(985计划) 
摘    要:本研究基于GIS技术构建网格体系,处理三份近代实测海图汇编资料,重建了长江口南支河段(徐六泾口-吴淞口)1861-1953年期间的冲淤强度及其分布,基本理清了19世纪中期——20世纪中期现代观测制度确立前研究区内河槽冲淤状况及变化过程,19世纪中期——20世纪初期南支处于强烈冲刷阶段,至20世纪中期冲淤大体平衡而略有淤积;其中≤3m和≥10m水域的冲淤变化状况最为明显。今南支航道体系的形成是在19世纪中期——20世纪中期自然冲淤基础上进行人工整治的产物。在重建冲淤状况的基础上,对崇明县城南侧扁担沙——南丰沙的变迁过程进行重建,以此为例探讨了典型河槽断面的演化过程。

关 键 词:长江口南支  冲淤  扁担沙  南丰沙

Reconstruction of Erosion-Deposition in Yangtze River Estuary South Branch and Related Problem Study, 1861-1953
Pan Wei. Reconstruction of Erosion-Deposition in Yangtze River Estuary South Branch and Related Problem Study, 1861-1953[J]. Collections of Essays On Chinese Historical Geography, 2009, 24(1)
Authors:Pan Wei
Abstract:Depth datum of 1861,1912,1953 charts are relocated on 2004_ETM image,then creating "Grid system" based on GIS-software Mapinfo.The erosion and deposition intensity of Yangtze Estuary south branch(Xuliujing River estuary-Wusongjiang River estuary) are reconstructed before modern observation system.There was an intense erosion during 1800's metaphase to 1900's initial stage,and a balance with weak deposition during 1900's initial stage to metaphase.The changing level of ≤3m and ≥10m part are the most intense.The routes here today formed by false construction based-on erosion level changing during 1800's metaphase to 1900's metaphase.And rebuild the variance process of Biandan Sand-Nanfeng Sand south in Chongming county seat.This case is a response of a typical channel section to hydraulic engineering.
Keywords:Yangtze Estuary south branch  erosion and deposition  Biandan Sand  Nanfeng Sand
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