论史学理论与史学史之间的关系

史学理论与史学史在学科结构中属于同一个二级专业,这其中反映了二者具有紧密的内在联系。探索史学理论与史学史的关系,首先应当跨过一个理念的门坎,即区分“历史理论”与“史学理论”。确认史学理论是对历史学的概括和总结,而不是研究客观的社会历史。厘清这种概念上的区别与联系,大有利于史学理论与历史理论的研究。如20世纪80年代中历史认识论研究的兴起,即得益于此。这里,需要防止像西方某些史学流派那样割断史学理论与历史理论的关系,批判那种取消历史理论研究的说法。在当今,史学史研究的可靠成果,应是史学理论研究的基础。揭示史学发展的规律,是史学史学科与史学理论研究共同的任务,将二者结合在一起的探索,大有学术开拓、理论创新的广阔前景。

On the Relationship between the Theory of Historiography and the History of Historiography

The theoiy of historiography and the histoiy of historiography belong to the same secondary subcategoiy in the discipline structure.This categorization indicates the close internal relationship between the two.To explore the relationship between the theoiy of historiography and the history of historiography,we should first overcome a theoretical challenge,which is how to distinguish"historical theory" from "historiographical theory".This paper argues that the theory of historiography is the generalization and summaiy of historical works.It is not the objective study of historical reality?It is important to clarify the nuanced differences and similarities between the theory of historiography and the theoiy of history.The movement to further define the theoiy of historiography,for example,paved the way for the rise of historical epistemology in the 1980s.Yet we need to prevent the total separation between the theory of historiography and the theoiy of history,as some Westem schools of historiographical studies do,for such misconception would cause the negation of historical theory.In the contemporaiy world,the reliable results of research in the history of historiography should fonn the basis for research in the theoiy of histoiiogiaphy.The legacy of the history of historiography in China is extremely copious,and the study on the subject is profound.Both are favorable conditions for research in the theory of historiography.As we believe that the common task for the history of historiography and the theoiy of historiography is to reveal the law of historical development,the effort to combine both approaches has great prospects for academic development and theoretical innovation.