基于光谱成像的彩绘文物新应用与新方法

目前基于光谱成像的彩绘文物分析主要集中在颜料分析、信息增强、隐含信息挖掘等方面,分析方法主要采用遥感图像处理软件。针对文物数据专门分析方法研究尚显不足的问题,提出基于光谱成像的彩绘文物新应用与新方法。主要包括基于最小噪声分离(MNF)变换感知修复区域的新应用,利用感兴趣区域分析与融合挖掘彩绘文物隐含信息以及基于稀疏非负矩阵欠近似彩绘文物线稿提取的新方法。通过在唐墓壁画、彩绘泥塑以及手绘绢画上的实验,发现光谱成像可以有效感知修复区域,提出的新方法可以有效挖掘隐含信息以及提取线稿,对基于光谱成像的彩绘文物分析研究具有重要意义。     

他者视阈中的数字方志建设——以燕行录中的蓟州为中心

数字方志已在文本识别、数据库建设等方面取得很大发展,未来应注重在与其他数据库实现数据交流的基础上,扩大文献范围、建立文献关联、发现隐含信息,进而实现自动分析。     

五代渤海高公夫人王氏墓志考辨

比对五代渤海高公夫人王氏墓志与现存相关文献,墓志中"怀迁"当为王夫人之祖,与五代延州高万兴之父高怀迁并非同一人,仅同名而已。墓志中"思殷"为王夫人之父,与高万兴兄弟并无关联。墓主王夫人之夫高某为高万兴家族之成员,与高允韬、高允权为同辈。墓志中"渤海公"并非爵号,应为"渤海高公"之简称。墓志中仍然有诸多信息无法从现有文献中给予印证。     

“伊玛堪”中的变形及其文化内涵

"伊玛堪"中的变形情节尤其是女性英雄与"阔力"的变换,是众多"伊玛堪"篇章的重要组成部分,也是它区别于其他民族口头叙事文学而最具赫哲族文化特色的重要因素。根据人物变形的目的、情境及变形之后的形态,梳理出莫日根的三类变形:由物变人、由人变动物、丑化自身,以及女性与神鹰"阔力"之间的互变现象。从变形情节所诠释的原始思维、所储存的时代记忆、隐含的道德诉求三个方面入手,分析其中蕴含的文化内涵。     

《考古》2013年1/2月 第66卷第1期

经过精心挑选,2012年度的"十大考古发现"来自危地马拉、西班牙、南非、墨西哥、德国,法国、中国、苏格兰、以色列和埃及。每项入选的考古发现都各具特点,并且提供了观察各个民族背后所隐含文化的更广阔视角。自由记者凯特·拉菲留斯前往苏格兰的奥克尼群岛,给读者带来一个关于范围巨大、内涵丰富和长期使用的新石     

国内游客行前信息搜索与目的地满意度评价研究——以黄山风景区为例

行前信息搜索是游客旅游决策过程的首要步骤之一,而信息则会进一步影响游客的系列消费行为及其满意度评价。本文在文献回顾的基础上,以黄山风景区为例构建了国内游客行前信息搜索测量量表和目的地游客满意度评价测量量表,并通过因子分析萃取出了上述量表的因子结构,通过独立样本T检验和事后多重比较法检验了游客行前信息搜索行为的组间差异、检验了游客对目的地满意度评价的组间差异。典型相关分析则发现,"信息搜索的媒体导向"、"深入性信息"、"信息搜索的经验与中介导向"和"保健性信息"等国内游客行前信息搜索因子与目的地游客满意度评价因子存在正相关关系,但游客对"深入性信息"、"信息搜索的媒体导向"的关注程度较为有限。基于上述检验与发现,文章提出了黄山风景区提高游客满意度的若干举措。     

幼儿的生活都是课程

根据"幼儿们一日的生活都是课程"这一精神,我园把幼儿的健康教育渗透到一日生活的各个环节之中。因为日常生活中的每个环节都隐含着教育契机,只要你用心去观察,去捕捉,你就会发现健康教育随处都有。有一次,我发现有些幼儿不喜欢吃午餐,就趁机表扬了吃饭好的幼儿,说:"今     

主题教学下的生成活动

《幼儿园教育指导纲要》中要求教师要"善于发现幼儿感兴趣的事物、游戏和偶发事件中所隐含的教育价值,把握时机积极引导"。在主题教育教学过程中,我反复琢磨《纲要》中的理念,注意捕捉幼儿的兴趣点,尊重他们的需求,     

最小噪声分离变换与Haar小波变换结合的壁画线状特征增强方法

在壁画的保护与修复中,线状特征具有重要的意义。然而由于自然环境等因素的影响,壁画经常出现褪色残缺等病害,导致其线状特征难以辨认。因此,利用高光谱成像与Haar小波变换结合,提出了一种壁画线状特征增强方法。首先,对高光谱影像进行最小噪声分离(MNF)变换,选取前10波段进行MNF逆变换进行重构,实现高光谱影像的降噪处理。其次,对重构后的影像选择真彩色波段变换为灰度图像,对灰度图像进行Haar小波分解。然后,对最小噪声分离变换后的影像,利用最大平均梯度法进行最优波段选择,将最优波段利用Haar小波进行变换,利用其分解后的低频信号与灰度图像分解后的低频信号相融合,高频信号使用MNF逆变换重构后的灰度图像。最后,对优化组合的低频和高频信号进行Haar小波逆变换得到结果图像,达到增强线状特征的目的。经过与原始灰度影像、主成分分析线状特征增强方法对比,验证了线状特征增强方法的有效性。研究结果可为壁画的保护修复提供更丰富、更直观的参考信息。     

浅析辽宁科技信息效用的优化与建设

通过对知识供应链体系结构的描述,分析了隐含在知识供应链中的知识流动循环过程,构建了基于价值实现的知识供应链结构模型,进一步从知识扩散、信息增值、知识创新等三个方面,探索了科技信息知识在知识供应链中流动、传递并被应用以及效用逐步优化的过程。     

Das Wissen der Schulden. Recht,Kulturtechnik und Alltagserfahrung im liberalen Kapitalismus

The Knowledge of Debt: Law, Media Technique, and Everyday Experience in Liberal Capitalism. Performing an object such as ‘the economy’ hinges on practices of formatting knowledge. The article proposes to look at such instituting moments in connection with social conflicts over the legitimate rules of exchange. This is exemplified by way of recounting the story of the codification of Swiss bankruptcy law in 1889. In order to homogenize the legal procedures of debt collection and bankruptcy, two subject categories were instituted: ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. These different categories were thought to account for the diverging temporalities and spaces of credit exchange in everyday economic life. The introduction of the commercial register, a media-technical apparatus, enabled a formal distinction between ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. However, this boundary was contested and proved to be porose.     

Studies on amerindian dogs, 1: Carbon isotopes in relation to maize in the diet of domestic dogs from early Peru and Ecuador

Work initiated purely as a dating project in support of a craniometric and morphological investigation of domestic dogs from early Peru has proved to have much wider implications. The stable carbon isotoperatios (¹³C/¹²C) of hair samples from ten dogs show that maize formed a significant part of their diet. Radiocarbon dates for these remains have confirmed that they belong to the period well after the cultivation of maize was first established. Stable carbon isotope measurements can thus be used to test for the presence of maize as a dietary constituent at earlier sites even where there is otherwise only indirect evidence for its cultivation. Collagen from animal or human bone is a suitable alternative to hair for this purpose and the method has been successfully applied to collagen dating to c. 3000 BC from the Valdivia culture site of Real Alto, Ecuador, as well as to a series of early Peruvian dogs.     

Two radiocarbon dates for freshwater shells from hierakonpolis: Archaeological and geological interpretations

Shells of two species of freshwater bivalve (Unio willcocksi Bullen Newton and Etheria elliptica Lamarck) from the predynastic Gerzean (Nagada II) Decorated Tomb at Hierakonpolis, Egypt have given dates of 5000±90 bp for the tomb, and 12,900±120 bp for an episode of Nile terrace accumulation (correlated here with the Sahaba-Darau aggradation event). The archaeological and geological significance of these results is discussed, together with an outline of problems associated with radiocarbon dating of shell. Comparisons are made with the few other radiocarbon dates available for the Predynastic period in Egypt and possible reasons for the presence of shells in the tomb are considered.     

Die Kunst des Anschlags. Elisabeth Caland und die Physio‐Ästhetik des Klavierspiels

The Art of Touch. Elisabeth Caland and the Physio‐Aesthetics of Piano Playing The issue of how it is possible to play the piano without striking it was raised by Chopin: one must ‘caresser’ and not ‘frapper’ the piano. In her teachings on the art of piano playing, Elisabeth Caland (1862–1929) attempts to articulate a scientifically grounded solution to this complex (kin‐)aesthetic problem. The solution turns on her intuitively discovered ‘lowering of the shoulderblades’ which was documented in 1904, through X‐rays, by the Berlin physiologist René du Bois‐Reymond, and recorded as a way of coordinating movement which had been unknown to physiology up to that time. Caland's physio‐aesthetic of piano playing, which she worked out on the basis of du Bois‐Reymond's observations, turns on the ideal of ‘floating sound’ put forward by her teacher Ludwig Deppe, and on Ferruccio Busoni's technique of piano playing. Her method makes essential use of what Feldenkrais would later call the ‘sixth sense’ (i.e. proprioceptive perception); in fact, it represents the first modern kinaesthetically based conception of piano playing. Caland's doctrine of touch was ahead of its time and it virtually disappeared from discussions of piano technique after 1930. But it has become accessible again through reprints of her most important writings: Deppe's doctrine of piano playing (1897), Sources of power in piano playing (1904), and Artistic piano playing (1910).     

Some chronological implications of a fossil molluscan assemblage from a neolithic site at Brook,Kent, England

The later post-glacial history of a valley in the chalk escarpment near Brook, Kent, is described, based on molluscan stratigraphy, archaeological evidence and radio-carbon dating. Differences in size and colour banding, respectively, of fossil and living representatives of two species of land snails, Pomatias elegans (Müller) and Cepaea nemoralis (L.), are correlated with climatic change during the post-glacial period. The problems of the use of fossil shells of these species as samples for radiocarbon dating are discussed.     

China's Dynamic Industrial Sector: The Internet Industry

A Singapore-based economic geographer explores and analyzes the spatially uneven evolution of the Internet industry in China, arguing that the country's immense regional disparity in the provision of Internet services is best explained by the interplay of place- and path-dependence. The author demonstrates how the highly uneven regional endowments in relevant industrial and entrepreneurial resources have led to the substantial and persistent regional imbalance within China's emerging "new economy." His initial survey of the country's 100 leading Internet content providers (firms), identified from a listing of ca. 11,700 commercial websites, is selectively augmented to reflect an increase of over 70 million Internet users in 2007, reaching a total of 253 million in June 2008, and thus overtaking the United States as the world's largest Internet market. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: L10, L86, O30. 6 figures, 1 table, 53 references.     

The 1911 International Exposition in Rome: architecture, archaeology, and national identity

This paper discusses the 1911 International Exposition in Rome and illustrates how this patriotic celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of the Italian Sate utilized symbolic landscapes of architecture and archaeology to promote nationalist sentiments of italianità and romanità centered on the young capital of Rome. Through modern art exhibitions at the Valle Giulia, scientific conferences at the Castel Sant’Angelo, archaeological exhibits on the Roman Empire in the Baths of Diocletian, and regional Italian pavilions in the Piazza d’Armi, exposition officials offered a complex representation of Italian national identity that was modern yet ancient, cosmopolitan yet bucolic, European yet regional, and imperial yet developing.     

Comparison of analytical techniques for analysis of archaeological bronze

While many analyses of archaeological bronzes have been reported in the literature, in practice it is very difficult to compare them. To assess the present status of the chemical analysis of bronze two ancient objects—a flat axe (arsenic bronze) and a sickle (tin bronze)—were cut into pieces weighing about 2 g each and were distributed to 11 laboratories. The participants used the following methods for analysis: INAA, ED–XRF, PIXE, TRXRF, FAAS, ICP–AES, ICP–MS, SEM–EDS, LA–ICP–MS and PGAA. The samples were analysed in at least quadruplicate. Dixon's and Iglewicz and Hoaglin's tests were used to detect outliers. The majority of methods provided comparable results, especially for macroelements, independent of the technique and standards used. The number of determined elements depended on the method and, naturally, on the concentration level. Therefore an important recommendation that can be made is to supply, with each archaeometric investigation, data from the analysis of appropriate Certified Reference Materials (CRMs) used in the study.